Medieval India Coinage

Medieval India Coinage Map of Medieval India, Courtesy Government of India The Arabs conquered Sindh in 712 AD and ruled it as a province of the Caliphate. By the 9th Century AD, provincial governors established independent rule and struck their own coins. However, it was with the emergence of Turkish Sultans of Delhi in the 12th Century that a decisive break was made with the past and the existing motifs were gradually replaced by Islamic devices, largely calligraphy. The unit of account came to be consolidated and was referred to as the 'tanka' with the 'jittals' as the smaller value coins. With the Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 AD) came the attempt at standardisation. This period was marked by a considerable expansion of the money economy. Coins were struck in gold, silver and copper. In the monetary system, the equation between gold and silver was probably at 1:10. The Khilji rulers issued coins in abundance with grandiloquent titles (Ala-ud-din Khilji struck coins assuming the title 'Sikandar al Sani', the second Alexander) as well as honorific epithets for mints (the Delhi mint bore titles 'Hazrat Dar-al-Khilafat, etc.). Description Obverse Reverse Coin of Nasiru-d-din Mahmud 1246 - 1266 AD Coin of Ghiyasu-d-din Balban 1266 - 1287 AD Coins of the Delhi Sultanate

SSC MATHEMATICS PAPER-2 FORMAT & BLUE PRINT

MODEL QUESTION PAPER FORMAT

SUBJECT :: MATHEMATICS

Paper - II                                                 Max Marks : 50                                   Time : 2 1/2 Hours.

This paper - II consists the following Topics/Chapters

Topic/Chapter

Number in the text book  & Chapter / Topic

7. Geometry

8. Analytic Geometry 

9. Trigonometry

10. Statistics

11. Matrices

12. Computing

There are two (2) parts : Part - "A" and part -"B"

Part - A                                                         35 Marks                                    Time : 2 Hours.

This part "A" consists for sections i.e., section I to IV

                                                                        Section - I                                 5x2=10Marks

( Short Answer Type )

Answer any five questions choosing at-least two (2) from each of the following groups i.e., Group "A" and Group "B".

Group " A" 

Under this group "A four (4) question ( i.e., questions 1 to 4 are given covering following Topics/ Chapters.

7. Geometry. 8.Analytic Geometry and 10 Statistics

( minimum of one question from each Chapter )

Group "B"

The four  (4) questions ( i.e., questions 5 to 8 ) of this group cover the following chapters.

9.Trigonometry 11. Matrices 12. Computing

( Minimum of one question from each Chapter)

                                                                       Section - II                                              4x1=4Marks

( Very Short Answer Type )

Answer any four (4) questions (i.e., questions 9to 14 ) from the following six questions.

(One question from each of the six chapters to be given)

Ancient India Coinage

Ancient India Coinage Punch Marked Coins The Indus valley civilisation of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa dates back between 2500 BC and 1750 BC. There, however, is no consensus on whether the seals excavated from the sites were in fact coins. Seals of Mohenjo-Daro The first documented coinage is deemed to start with 'Punch Marked' coins issued between the 7th-6th century BC and 1st century AD. These coins are called 'punch-marked' coins because of their manufacturing technique. Mostly made of silver, these bear symbols, each of which was punched on the coin with a separate punch. Punch Marked Coin, Silver Bentbar Issued initially by merchant Guilds and later by States, the coins represented a trade currency belonging to a period of intensive trade activity and urban development. They are broadly classified into two periods : the first period (attributed to the Janapadas or small local states) and the second period (attributed to the Imperial Mauryan period). The motifs found on these coins were mostly drawn from nature like the sun, various animal motifs, trees, hills etc. and some were geometrical symbols. Description Obverse Reverse Seven Symbols Five Symbols Five Symbols Silver Punchmarked Coins Representative Symbols appearing on Punch Marked Coins Description Coin Asmaka Janapada Imperial Series Imperial Series Imperial Series Imperial Punch Marked Coins

Coming: Code of ethics for teachers

New Delhi: Like doctors and lawyers, teachers may soon be subject to a “code of professional ethics”, which includes clauses for disciplinary action over corporal punishment, private tuitions and other “anti-community” activities.

If accepted by the government, the proposed code would apply to school teachers across the country, from primary to secondary and senior secondary levels, and across government as well as private schools, with the aim of restoring "dignity and integrity" to the vocation of teaching.

SSC MATHEMATICS PAPER-1 FORMAT

MODEL QUESTION PAPER FORMAT

Mathematics Paper-1                                                                                     Time : 2 1/2hrs.

Max Marks : 50

Topic/Chapters/Units included in this paper are :

1.Statements and Sets

2.Functions

3.Polynomials

5.Real Numbers

6.Praogressions

This Paper-1 consits two Parts i.e., Part "A" and Part "B"

(This Part A consists four (4) sections i.e., Sections I to IV)

Part "A"                                                                                                              Time : 2hrs.

35Marks

(Short Answer Questions )

Anser any five question choosing at-least two (2) from each of the following two groups i.e., groups A & B

"A" Group

Under this Groups "A" 4 questions ( i.e., questions 1 to 4 ) are to be given covering the following Topics/Chapters.
1.Statements and Sets.
2.Functions
3.Polynomials

( Minimum of one question from each topic )

"B" Group
Under the Group "B". 4 questions (i.e questions 5 to 8 ) are to be given covering the following Topics/Chapters.
4.Linear/Programming
5.Real Numbers
6.Progressions

( Minimum of one question from topic )

Section - II                                    ( Very Short Answer Type )                        4x1=4Marks


Answer any four (4) questions from the following six (6)


Questions ( i.e., questions 9 to 14 )
(One question from eah of the six topics of this paper is to be included )


Section - III


Answer 4 questions choosing 2 (two) from each of the following 2 Groups A and B
Group "A" ( Questions 15 to 18 )
Four (4) questions overing the following Topics / Chapters are to be given
1. Statements & Sets.
2. Functions
3. Polynomials.


( Minimum of one question from each topic )


Group "B" (Questions 19 to 22 )
Four (4) questions overing the following Topics / Chapters are to be given
4. Linear Programming
5.Real Numbers
6. Progression
( Minimum of one question from each topic )
Section - IV                                                                                                                1x5=5Marks
(Problems involving Graphical Skills)
Answer any one question from the following :
two (2) questions (i.e., Questions 23 and 24 )
Two questions on the Graphical Skills covering the Paper-I Topics/Chapters.
i.e., Linear Programming, Quadratic Equations and Inequations.


Part - "B"                                                                                                            30x1/2=15Marks
                                                                                                                                Time : 1/2 Hour

(Objective Type )

This part consists 30 items under the following 3 forms

I.     Questions                   1 to 10                 ........     Multiple choice items
II.   Questions                 11 to 20                ........      Fill in the blanks
III. Questions                 21 to 30                ........      Matching type ( Master list)

************

Andhra Pradesh Council of Ministers

List of B.Ed., Colleges in Andhra Pradesh

List of B.Ed., Colleges in Andhra Pradesh
For Download List Click Here 

::: Fake Universities in India :::

Fake Universities Alerts-Inside H E - University Grants Commission

Fake Universities

Mal Practices Alert regarding American University of Hawaii  State-wise List of fake Universities as on 08thDecember, 2009 Bihar Maithili University/Vishwavidyalaya, Darbhanga, Bihar. Delhi Varanaseya Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya, Varanasi (UP) Jagatpuri, Delhi. Commercial University Ltd., Daryaganj, Delhi. United Nations University, Delhi. Vocational University, Delhi. ADR-Centric Juridical University, ADR House, 8J, Gopala Tower, 25 Rajendra Place, New Delhi - 110 008. Indian Institute of Science and Engineering, New Delhi. Karnataka Badaganvi Sarkar World Open University Education Society, Gokak, Belgaum, Karnataka. Kerala St. John�s University, Kishanattam, Kerala. Madhya Pradesh Kesarwani Vidyapith, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. Maharashtra Raja Arabic University, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Tamil Nadu D.D.B. Sanskrit University, Putur, Trichi, Tamil Nadu. West Bengal Indian Institute of Alternative Medicine, Kolkatta. Uttar Pradesh

AP GOVT. RELEASED D.A GO FOR PENSIONERS ( GO NO : 358 )

 FOR GO COPY DOWNLOAD CLICK HERE

GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA RADESH

ABSTRACT

Pension – Dearness Relief to Pensioners with effect from 01.07.2010 – Revised

- Orders – Issued.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

FINANCE (PENSION-I) DEPARTMENT

G.O.Ms.No.358                                                                                  Dated: 09.12.2010.

Read the following:-

1. G.O.Ms.No.52, Finance (PC.I) Department, dated 25.02.2010.

2. G.O.Ms.No.100, Finance (Pen.I) Department, dated 06-04-2010.

3. Memo.No.3630/UE.II/2010-2, Higher Education (UE.II) Department, Dt. 07-04-2010.

4. G.O.Ms.No.248, Finance (PC.I) Department dated 07.07.2010.

5. G.O.Ms.No.249, Finance (Pen.I) Department dated 07.07.2010.

6. G.O.Ms.No.356, Finance (PC.I) Department dated 06.12.2010.

***

O R D E R:

Government hereby order the revision of rates of Dearness Relief sanctioned

in the G.O. 5th read above from 16.264% to 24.824% from 01.07.2010 in respect

of: -

(i) those who retired from service after 01.7.2008 and drawing

pension in the Revised Pay Scales, 2010;

(ii) those who retired prior to 01.7.2008 and whose pension was

consolidated in the light of orders issued in the G.O. 2nd read

above;

(iii) those who retired prior to 01.01.1996 drawing UGC Pay Scales

and whose pension was ordered to be consolidated in the light

of orders issued in G.O. (P) No.95, Finance (Pen.I) Department,

dated 01.08.2000 and

(iv) the monetary benefit of Dearness Relief now sanctioned above

shall be with effect from the month of July, 2010.

2. Government also hereby order the revision of rates of Dearness Relief from

73.476% to 88.548% with effect from 01.07.2010 to the Pensioners who are

drawing their pension in Revised Pay Scales, 2005 and not consolidated in terms of

the orders issued in the reference 2nd read above.

3. Government also hereby order the revision of rates of Dearness Relief from

94.07% to 107.158% with effect from 01.07.2010 to the Pensioners who are

drawing their pension in Revised Pay Scales, 1999 and not consolidated in terms of

the orders issued in G.O.(P) No.248, Finance (Pen.I) Department, dated 04.10.2005.